Sinharaja rain forest is home to 186 bird species and out of the 34 endemic bird species, 29 have recorded from Sinharaja. Apart from Birds 3-4 Elephants, around 15 Sri Lankan Leopards also recorded from Sinharaja Rain Forest. The most common larger mammal is the endemic purple-faced langur. Reptiles include the endemic green pit viper and hump-nosed vipers, and there are a large variety of amphibians, especially tree frogs. Invertebrates include the endemic common birdwing butterfly and the inevitable leeches.

Sinharaja Bird Waves in the lowland rain forests of Sri Lanka are the largest mixed species feeding flocks of birds in the world. The Sinharaja Bird Wave average 42 individuals. As many as 59 species of birds have been recorded as participants in the waves.

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